Assessing surface and subsurface transport of neonicotinoid insecticides from no‐till crop fields

Surface and Subsurface Transport of Nitrate Loss from the Selected Bioenergy Crop Fields: Systematic Review, Analysis and Future Directions

Nitrate loss from bioenergy crop fields has attracted considerable attention during the last few years because of its potential negative impact on aquatic and human health. Both controllable and uncontrollable factors for nitrate loss have been the subject of several previous studies. Due to differences in climate, biophysical dissimilarities and land management characteristics in different par...

Neonicotinoid insecticides and bees

Neonicotinoid Insecticides Alter Induced Defenses and Increase Susceptibility to Spider Mites in Distantly Related Crop Plants

BACKGROUND Chemical suppression of arthropod herbivores is the most common approach to plant protection. Insecticides, however, can cause unintended, adverse consequences for non-target organisms. Previous studies focused on the effects of pesticides on target and non-target pests, predatory arthropods, and concomitant ecological disruptions. Little research, however, has focused on the direct ...

Risks of neonicotinoid insecticides to honeybees

The European honeybee, Apis mellifera, is an important pollinator of agricultural crops. Since 2006, when unexpectedly high colony losses were first reported, articles have proliferated in the popular press suggesting a range of possible causes and raising alarm over the general decline of bees. Suggested causes include pesticides, genetically modified crops, habitat fragmentation, and introduc...

TRANSPORT MECHANISM IN SOILt METABOLISM AND MOVEMENT OF INSECTICIDES FROM SOILS iNTO WATER AND CROP PLANTS

The persistence, movement and metabolism of insecticides in soils are affected by various environmental conditions. Field data are presented, showing that phorate—after granular band application—moved in both horizontal and vertical directions. Phorate sulphone was the major metabolite recovered. The metabolism and persistence of this insecticide was also affected by its mode of application. Ut...